The most important feature of chopper control is that the regenerative braking is carried out at very low generating speed when the drive is fed from a fixed voltage to low dc voltage. Adle and rajesh rane accepted 22 july 20, available online 01 august 20, vol. This paper proposes a method to control the speed and direction control of a dc motor by using a four quadrant dcdc chopper. Design of single closed loop control for chopper fed dc. In electronics, a chopper circuit is used to refer to numerous types of electronic switching devices and circuits used in power control and signal applications. Part 1 begins with an overview of the operation of thyristor fed dc motor drives. The classical controllers algorithm is both simple and reliable, and has been applied to thousands of control loops in various industrial applications over the past 60 years 89%90% of applications. Chopper fed current controlled dc motor drive using pid. Chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi c ontroller doi. Fractionalorder pid control of a chopperfed dc motor. Chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi controller. The output speed is compared with the reference speed and error signal is fed to speed controller.
The chopper block models a standard halfbridge one leg, two igbts or fullbridge two legs, four igbts converter model. So, chopper serves the same purpose in dc circuit transfers in case of ac circuit. However, the underlying hard switching strategy causes an unsatisfactory dynamic behavior, producing abrupt variations in the. After obtaining the complete model of dc drive system, the model is simulated using matlabsimulink. In case that a dc to dc converter is used the respective category is called. Chopper control of separately excited dc motor circuit globe. The most important feature of chopper control is that the regenerative braking is carried out at very low generating speed when the drive is fed from a fixed. A dc motor fed by dc source through a chopper which consist of gto thyristor and free wheeling diode d. Pdf modeling and simulation of adaptive neurofuzzy. Chopper fed current controlled dc motor drive using pid controller. One of the popular methods of speed control of dc motor is using chopper.
The power electronics converters, such as controlled rectifier fed. The variable voltage to the armature of a dc motor for speed control can be obtained from a dc chopper which is a. The proposed controller is used in speed control loop to improve the response. U ii converter chopper fed dc motor drive steady state analysis of the single and three phase converter fed separately excited dc motor drivecontinuous conduction time ratio and current limit control 4 quadrant operation of converter chopper fed driveapplications. The input voltage of the voltage source inverter remains constant, and their output voltage is independent of the load. In many different applications it is required to control speed of dc motor. When a motor draws power from supply, the voltage and current are in the same direction. Each operating mode has multiple instances depending on the dc motor drive type two. Basically it work as the buck converter circuit diagram. The fourquadrant chopper dc drive dc7 block represents a fourquadrant, dcsupplied, chopper or dcdc pwm converter drive for dc motors.
Power factor correction using stepup chopper fed to a dc. Four quadrant operation of chopper fed separately excited. The designing of current and speed controller is carried out. Pdf the speed of the separately excited dc motor can be controlled from below and above the rated speed by using buck converter. Pdf chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi. Part 3 examines the operation of a standard dc drive system with speed and current control. The chopperfed dc drive models dc5, dc6, dc7 produce regenerative braking in similar fashions. The variable dc voltage is controlled by varying the on and offtimes of a converter. It simply chops fixed dc and generates variable dc.
Controlled rectifierfed thyristorfed dc motor drive. Directcurrent motors are extensively used in variablespeed drives and position. When the chopper is on, v 0 is zero but the load voltage e drives the current through the inductor l and the chopper, l stores the energy during the time t on of the chopper. The magnitude of the load current depends on the nature of the load impedance. A fuzzy logic based robust speed controller for chopper. Modeling and control of dc chopper fed brushless dc motor. Atulkumar dewangan, durga sharma, shikha mishra, pid controller based chopper fed dc motor drive using fuzzsy logic, international journal of engineering. A variable dc voltage is obtained from a constant dc voltage source.
Dc chopper conver ts fixed dc into variable dc voltage. Dc motor drives are used drastically in adjustable pace drives and function manage programs. Before enlisting the practical applications of the drives used for dc motors, we will discuss about the different operation of electric drives for. Three machines all of the same power rating were required for each of these ward leonard drives, which was good business for the motor.
Modeling and control of dc chopper fed brushless dc motor harith mohan1, remya k p2. The load current can be determined using the relevant equations. The voltage source inverter is defined as the inverter which takes a variable frequency from a dc supply. Integral derivative pid controller for speed regulation in a dc motor drive.
Everywhere dc motors are used in large applications, the use of drives are very necessary for the smooth running and operating of these motors. This paper proposes a way to govern the rate and route control of a dc motor with the help of a 4 quadrant dcdc chopper. The speed below the base speed can be controlled by armature voltage control method. Implement dc chopper model for dc motor drives simulink. A fuzzy logic based robust speed controller for chopper fed dc motor drive conference paper pdf available may 2012 with 446 reads how we measure reads. In this paper, a simplified speed control design of chopper fed direct current dc motor drive with single feedback control structure is proposed. Converter chopper fed dc motor drive single phase fully controlled converter fed separately excited d. The motor drive mechanical load characteristics by inertia j. This paper presents the speed control methodology by varying armature voltage of the dc motor. First, internalmodelcontrol imc is used to control speed without closed loop current control scheme.
The speed control loop outputs the reference armature current of. Chopper is a device that gives variable dc output from applied fixed dc input. The variable dc voltage is controlled by varying the on. A fractionalorder pid fopid controller based on dfa is proposed to improve the performance of a chopperfed direct current motor drive. The armature voltage is controlled by a semiconverter or fullconverter and the field.
Then, an analytical method based on imc principles is applied to design a singleloop imc controller with a proportionalintegral. Question bank with answer mahalakshmi engineering college. Abstractthis article deals with an interesting application of proportional. The variation of time ratio at constant chopper frequency provides a variable voltage. Part 2 continues with a look at converter output impedance, fourquadrant operation, single and doubleconverter reversing drives and power factor and supply effects. This variable output voltage is fed to the dc motor.
Nikhil chowdhary akansha 1473720006 department of electrical engineering rajkiya engineering college ambedkar nagar224122u. The motor uses the descrete dc machine provided in the machine library. A zadeh in 1973 and applied mamdani 1974 in an attempt to control system that are structurally difficult to. In this project, an armature voltage controlled dc motor has been considered. The hysteresis current controller compares the sensed. Dc chopper drives classification of chopper fed dc drives. Design and implementation of pid controller for a two. Closed loop speed control of chopper fed dc motor for industrial. Chopper fed speed control of separatly excited dc motor. Types of chopper circuits type a, type b, type c, type d. Chopper fed dc motor drive nss eng college eee lab results. Design and implementation of pid controller for a two quadrant chopper fed dc motor drive rahul v. The basic circuit for a singlephase separately excited dc motor drive is shown in fig. Dc motor speed control using chopper engineers garage.
International journal on recent technologies in mechanical. Type b chopper or secondquadrant chopper chopper second quadrant. In type b or second quadrant chopper the load must always contain a dc source e. The dc motor may be a dc series motor or a dc separately excited motor or a pmdc motor. Speed control of dc motor using chopper linkedin slideshare. Let us first understand how it generates variable dc. Separately excited dc motor, chopper circuit, hysteresis current control, speed control, model reference adaptive controller, fuzzy neural controller. Pdf chopper fed speed control of dc motor using pi controller. Chopper fed dc drives separately excited dcm current. Pid controller based chopperfed dc motor drive using. Essentially, a chopper is an electronic switch that is used to interrupt one signal under the control of another.
When a controlled rectifier circuit one or three phase is used the respective category is called. A chopper is a device that converts fixed dc input to a variable dc output voltage directly. Pdf closed loop speed control of chopper fed dc motor for. The dc motor drives are used mainly for good speed regulation, frequent starting, braking and reversing. In this video we discussed about the dc to dc conversion by using thyristor and its application in the speed control of dc motor. The basic principle of dc motor speed control is that keeping field voltage constant, the output speed of dc motor can be varied by controlling armature voltage the speed is.
The chopper was operated at high frequency due to which it upgrade the motor performances by decreasing the ripple and removing the discontinuous conduction. Dc motors are used extensively in adjustable speed drives and position control applications. The optimization of speed controller is done using modulus hugging approach, in order to get stable and fast control of dc motor. Speed control of dc motor using chopper presented by.
Multiquadrant control of chopperfed dc motors institute of industrial electronics engineeringkarachi presentation by muhammad ahsan ali 1915 2. Introduction fuzzy logic control flc is one of the most successful applications of fuzzy set theory, introduced by l. Now the motor is said to be in motoring operation, its operation corresponds to first quadrant if there is a possibility of reversing the current direction keeping the voltage polarity same, the motor is said to be operating in second quadrant. A separately excited dc motor fed from a dc chopper employing trc strategy is shown in fig. Unit ii converter chopper fed dc motor drive single. The speed under the base velocity may be controlled by way of armature voltage manage technique. This drive features closedloop speed control with fourquadrant operation. The transistor chopper controlled separately excited dc motor is shown in the figure below. The armature voltage is controlled by a semiconverter or. Simulation of voltage and current in series circuit matlab. Chopper can increase or decrease the dc voltage level at its opposite side. The speed of the separately excited dc motor can be controlled from below and above the rated speed by using buck converter. Chopper fed dc drives separately excited dcm current limit. It has two operating modes to represent a detailed or an averagevalue chopper.
528 51 283 579 520 568 754 210 1061 1209 1363 48 1252 1577 562 600 1555 1181 770 1502 842 322 1157 1429 862 1413 1607 1348 994 469 138 993 147 432 545 1398 1096 1253 1263 1330 294 522 230